In a world grappling with climate change and environmental degradation, international treaties aimed at global cooperation are more important than ever. One of the most successful environmental agreements to date is the Montreal Protocol, which was established in 1987 to address the depletion of the ozone layer caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances (ODS).

In recent years, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria have become a cornerstone in the landscape of corporate accountability and sustainability. Companies globally are increasingly recognizing the importance of ESG reporting as stakeholders demand transparency regarding their environmental and social impacts.

Air pollution is one of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time, with profound impacts on human health, ecosystems, and climate. However, while air quality deteriorates across various regions, the burden of pollution does not fall equally on all communities.

The concept of a circular economy is gaining traction as global awareness of environmental degradation and resource scarcity escalates. The traditional linear economy, characterized by a "take-make-dispose" model, is increasingly being scrutinized for its unsustainable practices.

The Amazon rainforest, often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth," plays a critical role in regulating the global climate, preserving biodiversity, and supporting the livelihoods of millions of people. However, the ongoing deforestation in this vital ecosystem poses a significant threat to these functions.

In a world increasingly concerned about environmental sustainability, consumers are more aware than ever of the impact their purchases have on the planet. As a result, many companies are beginning to prioritize sustainability in their operations and messaging.

As humanity grapples with unprecedented environmental challenges, from climate change to biodiversity loss, traditional governance frameworks often fall short in effectively protecting ecosystems. The concept of granting legal personality to nature, particularly rivers, has gained traction as a transformative approach to environmental conservation.

In the face of escalating environmental crises, the traditional frameworks of environmental governance often prove inadequate for addressing the complex interdependencies within ecosystems. Climate change, pollution, deforestation, and the loss of biodiversity challenge the very foundations of human existence and the natural world.

The oceans cover more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface, yet they remain one of the least governed environments on the planet. The high seas, which lie beyond national jurisdiction, account for about two-thirds of the ocean's area and are rich in biodiversity and resources.

As the impacts of climate change become increasingly apparent, the need for immediate and effective action has never been more urgent. The European Union (EU) has responded to this challenge with the European Green Deal, an ambitious plan to transform its economy and society to achieve climate neutrality by 2050.